Corrosion yeej ib txwm yog ib qho kev mob taub hau tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj. Kev tsis saib xyuas me me tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv, lossis ua rau muaj xwm txheej lossis txawm tias muaj kev puas tsuaj. Raws li cov txheeb cais muaj feem xyuam, kwv yees li 60% ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm corrosion. Yog li no, kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov khoom siv xaiv yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob. Feem ntau muaj qhov nkag siab yuam kev tias stainless hlau yog" khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb" ;. Nws yog qhov txaus ntshai heev los tuav lub pas hlau stainless tsis hais qhov nruab nrab thiab ib puag ncig.
Nov yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv xaiv rau qee cov xov xwm siv tshuaj feem ntau:
sulfuric acid
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov muaj zog tiv thaiv kev tshaj tawm, sulfuric acid yog qhov tseem ceeb muaj cov khoom siv raw khoom nrog ntau yam kev siv. Kev xeb ntawm sulfuric acid nrog qhov sib txawv thiab qhov kub thiab txias nws txawv heev. Rau cov concentrated sulfuric acid nrog qhov siab tshaj 80% thiab qhov kub tsawg dua 80 ℃, carbon hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau muaj qhov zoo corrosion tsis kam, tab sis nws tsis haum rau kev kub ceev ntws sulfuric acid. Nws tsis haum rau kev siv ua cov khoom siv rau lub twj tso kua mis valve; cov khoom siv dog dig tsis zoo xws li 304 (0Cr18Ni9) thiab 316 (0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti) muaj kev txwv tsis pub siv rau sulfuric acid media. Yog li no, twj tso kua mis li qub rau sulfuric acid feem ntau yog ua los ntawm high-silicon cam khwb cia hlau (nyuaj rau nrum thiab txheej txheem) thiab high-alloy stainless hlau (alloy 20). Cov tshuaj fluoroplastics muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sulfuric acid zoo dua, thiab fluorine-lined li qub yog qhov kev xaiv yig dua.
hydrochloric acid
Cov ntaub ntawv hlau feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hydrochloric acid corrosion (suav nrog ntau cov ntaub ntawv stainless hlau), thiab high-silicon ferro-molybdenum tsuas yog siv hauv hydrochloric acid hauv qab 50 ° C thiab 30%. Txheeb rau cov ntaub ntawv hlau, cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog hlau muaj xeb zoo rau hydrochloric acid, yog li cov roj hmab li qub thiab cov roj hmab yas (xws li polypropylene, fluoroplastics, thiab lwm yam) yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau thauj hydrochloric acid.
Nitric acid
Cov hlau feem ntau sai sai corroded hauv nitric acid. Stainless hlau yog qhov siv dav siv nitric acid resistant khoom. Nws muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo thaum tsis kam ua haujlwm nrog txhua qhov ntawm nitric acid ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws yog tsim nyog teev tias stainless hlau muaj molybdenum (xws li 316, 316L)) Qhov kev xeb tsis kam rau nitric acid tsis tsuas yog tsis zoo dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel (xws li 304, 321), thiab qee zaum tseem phem dua. Rau qhov kub kub nitric acid, titanium thiab titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau siv.
acetic acid
Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov organic acids. Ordinary steel yuav raug xeb hnyav nyob rau hauv acetic acid ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab kub. Stainless hlau yog cov khoom ua tau zoo tshaj acetic acid resistant. 316 stainless hlau muaj molybdenum kuj tseem tsim rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab dilute acetic acid vapor. Cov. Rau cov kev xav tau hnyav xws li kub thiab siab siab ntawm acetic acid los yog lwm cov xov xwm corrosive, siab alloy steel hlau li qub lossis fluoroplastic li qub tuaj yeem xaiv.
