Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm stainless hlau nyob rau hauv feeb meej sulfuric acid

Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm stainless hlau nyob rau hauv feeb meej sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj uas feem ntau siv hauv ntiaj teb thiab, ntawm ntau cov tshuajntau dua 90wt%, nws kuj yog xeb heev. Daim ntawv no yuav tham txog kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raukov cov ntsiab lus sulfuric acid, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nce siab tshaj (txog 200 ° C)uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm nws tsim khoom. Qee cov austenitic niaj hnub thiab duplex stainless hlau yogsoj ntsuam thiab lawv cov kev txwv thiab qhov zoo yog tham.
Los ntawm Roger Francis, RR® Cov Ntaub Ntawv, United Kingdom

Taw qhiaSulfuric acid yog cov tshuaj uas siv hauv kev lag luam ntaucov txheej txheem zoo li hauv kev laij ntau hlau ntawm lawvores. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj sulfur dioxide, uas tej zaum yuav yogtsim los ntawm hlawv cov leej faj, nws yuav yog qhov khoom lag luam anws yog xim hlau ua txoj kev smelting, lossis nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev ua kom sovdecomposition (tsim dua tshiab) ntawm siv kua qaub. Cov leej faj dioxideyog reacted nrog oxygen tshaj ib qho catalyst ntawm ~ 420 ° rau 625 ° C rau daim ntawvleej faj trioxide. Cov roj kawg tom qab ntawd reacts nrog dej hauvnqus cov yees kom tsim sulfuric acid. Txoj kev no yogexothermic thiab cov kua qaub tuaj yeem ncav cuag kub kom txog 180 °txog 200 ° C. Feem ntau ntawm lub zog no rov qab tau zoo los ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov txhais tau tiastxo qis kev siv zog. Feem ntau ua kua qaub yog tom qab ntawd txiaslos ntawm ib puag ncig 100 ° C kom ze rau qhov chaw nkaum rau kev khaws cia.


Cov Khoom SivCov ntaub ntawv ib txwm siv xws li cov kua qaub-av ua xeb hlau tau siv raucov hlab ntsha, thiab cov kav dej khov, xws li Mondi® lossis cov tsawg austeniticstainless hlau xws li 316 rau piping, tsis pub dhau ib qhokub thiab kua qaub concentration ntau yam. Txawm li cas los, covkev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub, siab hlau stainless, nrog kev txhim kho zootsis kam mus rau kub concentrated acid tau hloov cov ntaub ntawvxaiv xaiv. Rooj 1 qhia txog qee cov sib xyawstainless hlau uas siv nrog sulfuric acid. 304 thiab 316 yogcov hom austenitic uas nquag siv los ntawm tustshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam. Alloy 310 yog lub siab txais chromium,npib tsib xee austenitic alloy uas muaj superior acid tiv tauspiv nrog 304 thiab 316. ZERON®100 thiab 2507 yogsuperduplex stainless steels nrog kwv yees li 50/50austenite / ferrite theem kev tshuav. Cov qauv no muab ua ntau dualub zog (~ 2½ zaug) dua li ntawm austenitic alloys thiab muajqhov ua tau ntawm cov phab ntsa thickness txuag rau daim ntawv thov cuam tshuamkev kub siab thiab / los yog kub.Saramet®, Sandvik SX® thiab ZeCor® yog txhua tus tswv austeniticstainless hlau muaj ~ 5% silicon, uas txhim kho qhovcorrosion tsis kam nyob rau hauv muaj zog acid. Saramet los hauv obtxawv, nrog sib txawv me ntsis. ZeCor yog leaner hauvchromium thiab npib tsib xee tshaj li lwm qhov muaj ob hom kev lag luam tab sis nwsmuaj ntau cov silicon, ib qho khoom paub kom txhawb kev xebtsis kam nyob rau hauv kub, muaj zog acid.

Kev xebDaim duab 1 qhia txog iso-corrosion nkhaus rau qee qhov alloys uas zoo sib xwshauv sulfuric acid. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov hlau superduplex yogsuperior rau 316L. ZERON 100 tseem zoo dua 2507, uas yogntseeg tias yog vim muaj tus txhob txwm ntxiv tungsten thiabtooj liab rau ZERON 100. Alloy 20 feem ntau siv rau hauv leej fajkua qaub thiab los ntawm kwv yees li 50% txog 90% acid nws yog superior rau ZERON100. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov kua qaub muaj zog (GG gt; 90%) ZERON 100 qhia acim nce nyob rau hauv corrosion tsis kam piv nrog 2507 thiaballoy 20.

Daim duab 2 piv rau iso-corrosion nkhaus rau pebcov ntawv pov thawj uas muaj cov tshuaj silicon thiab ZERON 100. Muajkom meej meej sib txawv ntawm cov alloys, nrog silicon-uas muajalloys qhia txhim kho kev txhim kho corrosion hauv ntau cov kua qaub.Thaum tshawb fawb daim ntawv no, tus sau tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav ib qho twgcov ntaub ntawv luam tawm rau 310 stainless hlau tshaj cov kua qaub nokhwv. Qhov no yog tej zaum vim cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov nroj tsuag kua qaubsuav qhov no ua cov ntaub ntawv lag luam nkag siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paubtias qhov tsis kam tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm 310 stainless poob zoothaum cov kua qaub concentration qis dua qis dua 96%.Daim duab 3 qhia txog iso-corrosion curves rau 304, 310 thiabSaramet 23 hauv cov kua qaub zoo heev1,2Cov. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias muaj ib qhonce nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho corrosion ntawm ob 310 thiab Saramet nyob rau hauvqhov kub siab li 180º txog 200ºC. Nws xav tias SX thiabZeCor qhia kev coj tus cwj pwm zoo sib xws. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov alloys tuaj yeem tuaj yeemsiv nyob rau hauv qhov kub siab dua qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag acid. Muajtsis muaj ntaub ntawv rau ZERON 100 dhau qhov ua tiav kub ntawmDaim duab 3 thiab nws tseem tsis tau paub tias yog superduplex stainless steels kujqhia cov yam ntxwv no.

Daim duab 4 qhia tau hais tias tus nqi corrosion ntawm qee cov hlau stainless nyob rau hauvmuaj zog sulfuric acid ntawm 110 ° C coj los ntawm cov tuam ntxhabcov ntaub ntawv luam tawm. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias corrosion tsis kam ntawmSaramet 23 txo qis nrog cov kua qaub siab zuj zus tsis zoo lilwm cov alloys. Ntawm cov kua qaub ntau ntau dua 100% muajyog tshaj leej faj trioxide thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ces yog lub npe hu uaroj. Qhov no paub tias yuav tsum xeb ntau rau alloys zoo li Saramettshaj rau ZERON 100 thiab alloy 310.Txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm pej xeem ntawm 310 stainless hauvmuaj zog heev acid, muaj ib qho ntaub ntawv taw tes. Ntawm cov kua qaubmloog txog 99% thiab qhov ntsuas kub ntawm 110ºC, qhov tshuaj tiv thaivtus nqi ntawm 310 yog 0.1 hli / y1Cov. Qhov no pom tau tias tus paub kuj tiv taus ntawmZERON 100 dhau 310 stainless ntawm qhov kub no (Daim Duab 4).ZERON 100 kuj tseem muaj kev txhim kho corrosion zoo li ZeCor thiabSandvik SX nyob rau hauv muaj zog acid,> 97 wt%.Hauv kev ua lag luam acid cov nroj tsuag muaj feem ntau me me ntawm cov hlautam sim no (feem ntau 5ppm) thiab qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov xeb ntawmqee qhov alloys.

Daim duab 5 qhia txog cov nyhuv ntawm 5ppm ntawm cov hlau ntawmcorrosion tus nqi ntawm ZERON 100 ntawm 110 ° C. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias, nyob hauvkev sim yuam kev, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov hlaukev ua xeb. Ntawm 200 ° C (Daim Duab 6) hauv 98.5% acid, hlau ua rau me mence nyob hauv tus nqi txhim kho corrosion, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi ntawm yam xws li tshuabqhov tseem ceeb.

Cov nyhuv ntawm tshaj tawmVim tias cov hlau stainless muaj feem ntau ua haujlwm (raws li txwv tsis pub dhau)hauv cov kub, cov ntsiab lus sulfuric acid, qhov dej xeb yog akev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshaj tawm. Nws yog feem ntau pom zoo tias alloysxws li 316 thiab 310 raug txwv rau qhov ntau qhov dej ntws tawm ntawm1.5m / sec2. Kev ntsuas qhov tseeb tau ua rau aerated 95 wt% sulfuricacid ntawm 70 ° C siv tus qauv ntsuas cylindrical. Siv txoj kev tsom xamntawm Silverman3 kev sib hloov tig tau laij kom sib npaugrau 2.5m / sec hauv NPS 4 yeeb nkab. Tus nqi kho mob corrosion ntawm ZERON 100yog siab rau thawj ob lossis peb hnub. Tom qab ntawv kho tsis xebtus nqi yog tsawg dua 0.1 hli / xyoo. Lub siab pib tus nqi ntawm kev xebtau txuam nrog kev tsim ntawm ib zaj duab xis dub dub ntawm covhlau nto. Zaj duab xis zoo nkaus li mus rau txheej corrosion zoo liqhia los ntawm cov ntawv txuas tom qab poob hlau tsawg. Cov txiaj ntsig no qhia tautias ZERON 100 tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm qhov kub siab dua thiabvelocities tshaj 316L nyob rau hauv muaj zog sulfuric acid. Kev ntsuam xyuas hauv kev ua kom muaj zogacid pom txawm tias qis dua corrosion.Silicon sib ntxiv yuav tshem tawm cov tshaj tawm ntawmstainless hlau los tiv thaiv corrosion hauv kub, muaj zog sulfuric acid. Sandvikqhia cov kev ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj corrosion (GG lt; 0.01mm / y) rau SX hauv 96%acid ntawm 70 ° C thiab 25m / sec hauv cov ntawv txhuas cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv tau txaisib qho xeb zoo sib xws hauv 98.5% acid ntawm 115 ° C thiab 10m / sec ntwsnrawm. Saramet 35 qhia tau zoo sib xws heev tsis tshua muaj kev xeb hauv98.5% acid ntawm 120 ° C ntawm 9 thiab 25 m / s tshaj tawm4Cov. Txawm hais tias muajtsis muaj ntaub ntawv luam tawm rau ZeCor ntawm siab velocities, nws yog presumed tiasnws tseem zoo dua 304 thiab 316 qib.

Cov ntawv thovCov ntaub ntawv hauv Daim Duab 3 qhia pom tias alloy 310 tuaj yeem tsim nyog rautshooj lus kom sov rov muab hais tias cov kua qaub yog tshuaj tswj taukhiav ntawm 98% lossis ntau dua. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv ib co nroj tsuag excursions rautsis tshua muaj kua qaub muaj zog ntau dua thiab tom qab ntawd yog tus tswvCov kab xau silicon muaj ntau txhim khu kev qha, nyob hauv lawv txoj kev txwv ntawm kev siv.Tag nrho peb cov txhuas-txuas alloys tau siv rau yees,cov tso tsheb hlau luam, kav dej, fittings, strainers, trough distributors, tshav kubcov kev hloov pauv thiab yuam kev tshem tawm qhov twg cov tau mobdhau heev rau 3105,6Cov. Alloy 310 tseem siv dav hauv cov muaj zog acid,tshwj xeeb nyob qhov twg cov roj tuaj yeem tsim. Hauv cov tshav kub sib hloov,316L (feem ntau nrog Mo≥2.5%) cov hlab siv nrog cov anodickev tiv thaiv kom lawv passive.Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no kom meej meej qhia tau zoo corrosion tsis kam ntawmZERON 100 hauv cov concentrated sulfuric acid ntawm qhov kub thiab txias200 ° C. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau tshwj xeeb hauv qhov kub kubkev rov ua ntu ntawm sulfuric acid nroj tsuag. PCS Phosphates nyob rau hauvTebchaws Asmeskas nthuav tawm NPS1 xov xoo ntawm ZERON 100 rau 18 lub hlis hauvconcentrated acid ntawm 200 ° C. Tus nqi corrosion yog< 0.2="" hli="">PCS kuj tau tsau lub ZERON 100 lim dej ntws tawm ntawm leej fajacid twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm ntawm kev kub siab (~ 200 ° C). Tom qab 18lub hlis nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam lub lim tau zoo heev. Qhov no yog atxhim kho ntau dhau ntawm 310 stainless hlau lim sivyav tas los.ZERON 100 kuj tau siv los ntawm ib qho ntawm qhov loj sulfuricacid cog cov tuam txhab tsim rau cov phiaj orifice (Daim duab 7).

Cov novsiv los tswj kev ntws hauv cov kev siv xws li kev sib tw cov log tsheb.Qhov no exploits qhov zoo yaig corrosion tsis kam ntawm ZERON100. ZERON 100 kuj tseem muaj raws li seam welded tshav kub hloovtubing. Qhov no ua rau nws zoo haum rau cov kua qaub txias qhov twgdej txias yog brackish lossis dej hiav txwv, raws li ZERON 100 muaj acov pov thawj keeb kwm ntawm kev ua tau zoo rau ib puag ncig qhov chaw no7.

Qhov Txaj MuagKev siv cov alloys rau cov haujlwm tshiab feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meemraws li lub zeb khiav kom muaj nuj nqis feem ntau xav tau. Txawm li cas los, rau lig add-ons, rov kho lossis hloov cov nroj tsuag, cov khoom me me feem ntauyuav tsum tau. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv silicon tsis tuav los ntawmstainless hlau tso khoom lag luam nyob hauv ntau qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov ntawddaim ntaub ntawv. Qhov loj OEM tuav cov khoom lag luam txwv hauv qee qhovcov khoom lag luam los txhawb lawv cov neeg siv khoom. Alloy 310 yog davmuaj raws li cov phaj, tab sis tsis yog li yooj yim muaj li kav dej, fittingsthiab flanges.
ZERON 100 yogyog li pab taualloy rau kev thov qhov twg nrawm nrawm tseem ceeb lossis me mepluas xav tau.ZERON 100 tau tag nrho weldable los ntawm txhua qhov sib txuas arc vuamcov tswv yim thiab cov alloy qhov dav siv los ntawm kev lag luam roj thiab cov nkevtxhais tau hais tias muaj ntau yam tsim nyog fabricators. Alloy 310 yogweldable muab tias cov pa roj carbon muaj tubntxhais tsawg; 0.04% yog atsim nyog ntau. Qhov no xav tau kev qhia tshwj xeeb los ntawm UNSS31000 muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau ntawm 0.08% thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawgversion (UNS S31002) tsis muaj npaj txhij. Lub siab siliconaustenitic alloys kuj tseem yooj yim rau fabricate thiab tag nrho cov tuajnrog cov pa carbon ntawm 0.03% siab tshaj plaws kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj daim ntawv carbidesntawm vuam.

Cov lus xaus
1. Alloy 310 tau zoo tsis kam mus rau ntau cov sulfuric acidntawm qhov kub nce, tab sis nws tsis tiv dhau yog cov kua qaubsiab poob qis dua 98%. Lub alloy tsis yooj yim nkagmuaj lwm qhov tshaj li daim phaj.
2. Lub siab silicon austenitic stainless cov hlau tau zoo corrosiontsis kam nyob rau hauv kub concentrated sulfuric acid thiab zoo duadua li 310 hauv cov kua qaub uas tsis muaj zog. Cov silicon muab cov alloys zootsis kam rau sulfuric acid ntawm qhov khiav ceev. Cov alloystsis tshua tiv taus hauv cov roj piv nrog alloy 310.
3. ZERON 100 muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv rau cov kub kub concentratedsulfuric acid, nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm alloy 310 thiab qhovsiab siab silicon austenitic alloys. Nws npaj txhij muaj nyob rau hauv qhov davntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam ua rau nws haum rau ob qho tib si nroj tsuag tshiabthiab nce qib.

Ua tim khawv
1. CM Schillmoller, Nickel Lub Koom Txoos Kev Tshaj Lij Zauv No. 10 057.
2. DK Louie, Phau Ntawv Qhia ntawm Sulfuric Acid Raug, 2ndTsab, 2008, luam tawm los ntawm DKL Engineering.
3. DG Tus Neeg Ua Nyiaj, Kev Txhuam Plaub 44, 1 (1988) 42.
4. S. Clarke, “Saramet Alloys - Cov Kev Siv Hauv Kev ThovKev Siv Sulfuric Acid Daim Ntawv Thov ”, AIChE Cov Lus Cog Tseg, Florida, Tebchaws Asmeskas,Lub Rau Hli 2003.
5. “Saramet Austentic Stainless Hlau”, Aker NtsiabLuam tawm, 2009.
6. S Richardson, M Spence thiab J Horne, “Kws Ua Haujlwm ZeCorCov Cuab Yeej Siv rau Sulfuric Acid Service ”, AIChE Cov Lus Cog Tseg,Florida, USA, Lub Rau Hli, 2007.
7. R. Francis thiab G. Byrne, "Kev Paub Txog nrog Kev Hais DuaStainless Hlau hauv Seawater ”Stainless Hlau Ntiaj Teb, Vol 16,Lub Rau Hli, 2004, KCI, phab 53.® Sau npe Cov cim lag luam

Kab lus los ntawm STAINLESS STEEL NTIAJ TEB.