Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv valve rau daim ntawv thov muaj kev lag luam
Ib qho kev xav tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim valve thiab xaiv cov khoom siv yog kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm lub valve.
Txhawm rau ntsuas tus qauv kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog ntawm lub cev valve cov khoom, los ntawm ntau hom valve steel loj thiab cov khoom ua tau zoo ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam petrochemical, kev lag luam chemical, chiv, hluav taws xob, thiab kev lag luam metallurgical nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog ntsuas kub ntawm lub cev valve cov khoom thiab ntsig txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua cov kev cai kom meej, rau cov khoom lag luam valve tsim, kev tsim khoom thiab tshuaj xyuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab kev tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv khoom siv thiab lwm yam ntawm kev saib xyuas, rau txhua hom hlau yuav tsum xaiv qhov kev ua tau zoo, yuav tsum tsis txhob xaiv ntau cov phiajcim steel thiab cov paib, txhawm rau tiv thaiv tsis meej pem.
Ultra-low temperature valve material ultra-low temperature valve (-254 (kua hydrogen) ~ -101 ℃ (ethylene)) cov khoom tseem ceeb yuav tsum xaiv lub ntsej muag nruab nrab cubic lattice ntawm austenitic stainless hlau, tooj liab lossis aluminium alloy, nws cov cua sov kho ntawm qhov kub tsis tshua muaj kub yam tshuab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kub uas tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam toughness yuav tsum ua kom tau raws cov qauv kev xav.
Cov kab hluav taws xob austenitic hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cryogenic li qub. ASTM A351 CF8M, CF3M, CF8 thiab CF3, ASTM A182 F316, F316L, F304 thiab F304L, ASTM A433 316, 316L, 304, 304L thiab CF8D (lanzhou siab ua haujlwm siab lub lag luam tsim qauv, lub Hoobkas txheej txheem gfq81-93). Lub cev, lub kaus mom, lub rooj vag lossis lub qhov ntsuas ntawm ultra-low kub valve yuav tsum tau kho nyob rau hauv cov kua nitrogen (-196 ℃) ua ntej ua tiav.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg kub valve yog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov ntsuas kub tsis tshua muaj siab (-100 ~ -30 ℃) cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog cov kub tsis tshua muaj austenitic stainless hlau thiab tsis kub tsis tshua muaj siab rau cov khoom tawg rau ferrite thiab martensite steel.
Austenitic stainless hlau rau kev siv kub yog ASTM A351 CF8M, CF3M, CF8 thiab CF3, ASTM A182 F316, F316L, F304 thiab F304L, thiab ASTM A433 316, 316L, 304, 304L thiab CF8D.
Lub tshuab ua kom muaj roj thiab cov tub rog rau cov cua sov qhov tsawg yog ASTM A352 LCA (-32 ℃), LCB, LCC (-46 ℃), LC1 (-59 ℃), LC2, LC211 (-73 ℃) thiab LC3 (-100 ℃) )).
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv ASTM A352 muaj tus nqi qis dua, tab sis lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj lom neeg yuav tsum ua kom zoo rau lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha thiab nruj heev. Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov yog qhov nyuaj, thiab nws yuav tsum tau hais tawm ob peb zaug kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kub thiab tawv uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm tus qauv, thiab lub voj voog ntau lawm. Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm tawv tawv tsis dhau raws li tus qauv, nws tsis raug tso cai siv los ua cov khoom kub uas tsis tshua muaj siab. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog hauv kev tsim cov khoom loj, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov cub ua kom sov, thiab hauv cov kis ntawm cov austenitic stainless hlau.
Cov kav dej tsis xeb ua haujlwm nruab nrab rau cov dej, chav dej, huab cua, roj thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis yog corrosive, kev siv dav dav hlau carbon. Cov pa roj carbon hlau rau cov qhov qub yog xa mus rau WCB, WCC cam khwb cia hlau thiab ASTMA105 forged steels hauv astm 216. Kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog kub ntawm carbon hlau rau valve yog -29 ~ 425 ℃. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, xav tias qhov ntsuas kub ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nruab nrab yuav hloov pauv, qhov dav dav cov pa roj carbon steel yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 400 ℃.
Cr-mo siab kub cam khwb cia hlau siv feem ntau hauv ASTM a217 tus qauv WC6, WC9 thiab C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo). Cov ntaub ntawv sib txuam tau yob yog F11, F22 thiab F5 hauv ASTM A182.
Tsis tshua muaj chromium qib chrome-molybdenum steel muaj WC6, WC9, F11 thiab F22, nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm nruab nrab rau cov dej, chav thiab hydrogen, tsis haum rau cov khoom siv roj sulfur.
Cov kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog ntawm WC6 thiab F11 yog -29 ~ 540 ℃, thaum uas WC9 thiab F22 yog -29 ~ 570 ℃.
Chromium pentamethmolybdenum siab kub steel yog C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) thiab F5, nws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm nruab nrab rau cov dej, chav, hydrogen thiab leej faj uas muaj cov khoom siv roj.
Thaum C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) siv rau cov dej ua pa, nws cov zui ua haujlwm kub siab yog 600 ℃. Thaum siv hauv kev tshaj tawm ua haujlwm xws li cov roj sulfur-muaj cov roj, nws cov zui ua haujlwm kub yog 550 ℃. Yog li no, kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) yog txhais tias yog 50550 ℃.
Stainless hlau stainless acid hlau siv nyob rau hauv petrochemical thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, tshuaj lom neeg ua lag luam kev lag luam kom tiv taus nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid thiab organic acid thiab lwm yam corrosion tiv thaiv cr-ni lossis cr-ni-mo stainless acid hlau.
Stainless thiab acid-pov thawj cov hlau cam hlau pov tseg feem ntau txais yuav CF8, CF8M, CF3, CF3M, CF8C, cd-4mcu thiab CN7M hauv ASTMA743 lossis ASTMA744 cov qauv, thiab cov hlau coj sib dhos yog F304, F316, F304L, F316L, F34F53 thiab peb UNSN08020 hauv ASTMA182 cov qauv. Cr-ni stainless hlau cr-ni stainless hlau tsis muaj kua txob tiv taus acid CF8, CF3, F304, F304L, CF8C thiab F347, nws tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab yog nitric acid thiab lwm yam oxidizing acid. Nws cov zui ua haujlwm siab kub ≤200 ℃.
Cr-ni-mo stainless hlau cr-ni-mo stainless hlau muaj CF8M, CF3M, F316 thiab F316L, uas yog tsim nyog rau txo cov kua qaub xws li acetic acid. CF8M thiab CF3M tuaj yeem hloov CF8 thiab CF3, tab sis CF8 thiab CF3 tsis tuaj yeem hloov CF8M thiab CF3M. Yog li ntawv, stainless hlau li qub hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab lwm lub tebchaws feem ntau siv CF8M, CF3M, nws cov zui ua haujlwm siab kub ≤200 ℃.
CN7M alloy CN7M alloy muaj qhov zoo tag nrho corrosion tsis kam, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev xeb ua haujlwm hnyav, suav nrog sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid thiab dilute hydrochloric acid, caustic alkali, dej hiav txwv thiab kua tshuaj chloride kub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ntau yam thiab ntau yam kub ≤ 70 ℃ thaj tsam ntawm sulfuric acid. Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm CN7M thiab UNS N08020 alloy yog -29 ~ 450 ℃.
Biphase stainless hlau biphase stainless hlau yog nag lossis daus-tawv stainless hlau, uas muaj 35% ~ 40% austenitic hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ferrite. Nws cov zis muaj zog yog li ob zaug uas ntawm 19cr-9ni austenitic stainless hlau, thiab nws muaj lub siab hardness, zoo plasticity thiab cuam tshuam toughness.
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau siv nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si abrasion thiab yaig corrosion ua hauj lwm zoo, yog li nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv oxidation thiab txo ntawm muaj zog acid ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog chlorine muaj tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking kev ua tau zoo. Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm cd-4mcu, CD3MN, CE3MN thiab F53 yog -29 ~ 316 ℃.
Dual-theem hlau stainless khoom qib tswj qib casting khoom dov cov khoom siv phaj cov khoom siv dag khoom siv 0cr25-ni5-mo-cu A8901A [CD4MCu] 00cr22-ni5-mo3-n A8904A A182 A240 A479 [CD3MN] F51 S31803 s3180300cr25-ni7-mo4-n A890 A182 A240 A479 [CE3MN] F53 S32750S32750 xeb tiv taus npib tsib xee puag ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tiv thaiv npib tsib xee alloy hlau li qub feem ntau yog xaiv hauv ASTM A494 txheem nrum monel alloy (m35-1), cam khwb cia nickel alloy (z-100), inkell alloy (cy- 40), hastellae alloy B (n-12mv, n-7m) thiab hastellae alloy C (cw-12mw, cw-7m, cw-6mc, cw-2m).
Monel alloy dov cov ntaub ntawv rau kev txhim kho corrosion Monel alloy li qub yog feem ntau UNS N04400 (Monel 400) thiab UNS N05500 (Monel K500). Inconel 600 thiab Inconel 625 yog dov hauv Inconel.
Monel alloy muaj lub zog loj thiab cov tawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm zoo rau kev xeb los ntawm kev txo cov kua qaub thiab muaj zog alkali nruab nrab thiab dej hiav txwv.
Yog li, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau kev thauj hydrofluoric acid, brine, nruab nrab nruab nrab, alkali ntsev thiab kua qaub kua qaub tseem tsim nyog rau ziab LV roj, LV oxidized hydrogen, LV roj ntawm 425 ℃ thiab LV oxidized hydrogen ntawm 450 ℃, tab sis yog tsis tiv taus corrosion ntawm leej faj-cov nruab nrab thiab oxidized nruab nrab (xws li nitric acid thiab nruab nrab nrog cov ntsiab lus siab oxygen). Cov khoom siv roj teeb valve yog MM rau tag nrho monel alloy, thiab sab hauv yog monel alloy valve. Thaum lub plhaub yog cov pa roj carbon steel, lub valve qhov khoom siv code yog C / M; thaum lub plhaub yog CF8, lub valve cov khoom lag luam code yog P / M; thaum lub plhaub yog CF8M, lub valve cov khoom lag luam yog R / M. Qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm kub ntawm Monel alloys m35-1, Monel 400 thiab Monel K500 yog -29 ~ 480 ℃.
Nrum nickel alloy nrum npib tsib xee alloy (cz-100) muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom siv hauv 95% Ni thiab 1.00% C, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom sib txuam yob.
Lub cz-100 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws thaum siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub, siab siab lossis tsis muaj tshuaj alkali. Cz-100 siv feem ntau hauv cov tshuaj chlor-alkali ntau lawm nrog kev ua haujlwm siab corrosion (suav nrog molten anhydrous caustic soda) thiab hauv cov ntawv thov uas cov hlau xws li tooj liab thiab hlau tsis tuaj yeem nrog cov pa phem. Cam khwb cia npib tsib xee alloy cz-100 valve khoom chaws Ni. Cov kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog kub ntawm cz-100 alloy yog -29 ~ 316 ℃.
Cov Inconel (Inconel) CY-40 thiab Inconel 600 (ASTM B564 N06600) feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov concentration chloride media. Thaum Ni cov ntsiab lus yog ≥45%, nws muaj "lub cev" cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ntxhov siab corrosion ntawm LV sib txuas.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov corrosion ntawm kub siab concentric nitric acid, fuming nitric acid, siab kub roj uas muaj cov leej faj thiab vanadium thiab combustors.
Inconel tau siv dav los ua cov khoom sib xyaw ua noj rau boiler noj tshuab hauv tshuab fais fab nuclear vim tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li cov hlaus tsis xeb hlau. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem tsim rau lub zog siab, kev kub ceev sealing siab corrosion siab, thiab thaum kub nrog lub peev xwm tiv taus cov neeg kho tshuab hnav thiab oxidation tsis kam nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj cog qoob loj ua siv Inconel 600 lossis Inconel 625 alloy (rau qib qib ntawm haselite cw-6mc) los tsim cov pa dej siab (600 ~ 1500 LB) siab siab oxygen oxygen valves. Cov khoom siv code rau cy-40 thiab Inconel 600 alloy li qub yog Hauv. Cov kev ua haujlwm txaus tsim nyog yog -29 ~ 650 ℃.
Hasloy Hasloy Hasloy yog lub npe lag luam rau Hasloy, uas suav nrog cov lej sib txuas ua ke Cov lej, feem ntau yog Hasloy B thiab Hasloy C, siv rau hauv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion.
Hasloy B (Hasloy B) yog n-12mv (n-12m-1) thiab n-7m (qee zaum hu ua n-12m-2, tseem hu ua Chlorimet2) hauv ASTM A494, thiab nws cov khoom siv dov yog UNS N10665 hauv ASTM B335. Haselloy B tiv taus ntau yam ntawm hydrochloric acid thiab tsis-oxidizing cov ntsev thiab kua qaub. Rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion li qub ntawm hardensite alloy B, tsis tshua muaj carbon hardensite alloy B (n-7m) yuav tsum xaiv rau kev txhim kho corrosion thiab intercrystalline corrosion tsis kam. Haselloy alloy cov khoom lag luam valve qhov kev lag luam tsis tau qhia meej, haselloy alloy B valve khoom code, tuaj yeem hais ncaj qha los ntawm nws txoj kev sib txuam casting. Qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm kub ntawm haselloy B yog -29 ℃ ~ 425 ℃.
Hasloy C (Hasloy C) muaj cw-12mw (cw-12m-1 hauv qee qhov chaw), cw-7m (cw-12m-2, tseem hu ua Chlorimet3 alloy) thiab Hasloy c-276 alloy, cw-6mc thiab Hasloy c -4 alloy, thiab cw-2m. Cov khoom sib tw dov cov khoom qib ntawm cam khwb cia hessian alloys cw-7m, cw-12mw, cw-6mc thiab cw-2m yog UNS N10001, UNS N10003, UNS N10276 thiab UNS N06455, feem. Hastelloy C tiv taus oxidizing cov kuab tshuaj, qhov tob nyob hauv chav sov hydrochloric acid thiab nitric acid.
* tiam Hasloy C (0Cr16Ni60Mo16W4) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsis kam tiv thaiv corrosion hauv kev xeb heev oxidizing thiab txo qhov nruab nrab acid. Txawm li cas los xij, high nickel corrosion resistance alloy yog austenitic vim Ni txo cov khoom solubility ntawm C hauv austenitic thiab lwm yam. Yog li no, Cov Hnyav C alloys ntawm ni-mo Hasloy B thiab ni-mo-cr muaj qhov sib cuam tshuam tsis zoo los ntawm kev xeb lossis lub siab, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tawg xeb ntawm qhov kub. Yuav kom kov yeej kev cuam tshuam intergranular, Hasloy c-276 (C txo qis ntawm 0.03% mus rau 0.02%) thiab Hasloy c-4 (peb tiam Hasloy alloy C) tau qhia, tus yam ntxwv Si qis (Si≤0.08%) thiab ultrafine C ( C≤0.015%), txo Fe thiab W cov ntsiab lus, thiab cov khoom siv ruaj khov xws li Ti tau ntxiv. Txog kev txhim kho corrosion valve ntawm hardensite alloy C, xav txog kev txhim kho corrosion thiab intergranular corrosion tsis kam, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv hardensite alloy c-276 (cw-6mc) thiab hardensite alloy c-4 (cw-2m). Hcw-12mw, cw-7m, cw-6mc thiab cw-2m yog sawv cev los ntawm hc-12, hc-7, hc-276 thiab hc-4 feem, lossis ncaj qha los ntawm lawv cov lej casting.
Qhov ntsuas kub txaus ua haujlwm ntawm HCW -7m thiab UNS N10001 yog -29 ~ 425 ℃; qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm kub ntawm cw-12mw thiab UNSN10003 yog -29 ~ 700 ℃; qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm kub ntawm cw-6mc thiab UNSN10276 yog -29 ~ 676 ℃; qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm kub ntawm cw-2m thiab UNSN06455 yog -29 ~ 425 ℃.
Titanium alloy titanium (Ti) muaj lub zog loj, lub teeb nyhav, siab thermal tsis kam thiab siab kub tsis kam thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab vuam kev ua tau zoo.
Mas siv rau casting ntshiab titanium thiab forging ntshiab titanium ZTA2 hauv kev ntau lawm valve.
Titanium qhia cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion, tiv taus corrosion thiab txawm tias hluav taws thiab tawg rau cov ntawv tshaj tawm vim qhov kub sib txawv thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm. Yog li no, qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab (kev xav, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau qhia meej meej meej thaum txiav txim thiab tsim qauv.
Titanium li qub muaj kev txhim kho corrosion zoo nyob rau hauv ntau yam oxidizing corrosive nruab nrab thiab nruab nrab nruab nrab.
Titanium muaj kev txhim kho corrosion zoo heev hauv nitric acid nrog concentration tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 80% hauv qab qhov kub taw tes. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm NO2 hauv fuming nitric acid ntau dua 2% thiab cov ntsiab lus dej tsis txaus, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm titanium thiab fuming nitric acid yuav ua rau muaj kev tawg. Yog li no, titanium feem ntau tsis siv rau qhov kub-siab nitric acid nrog cov ntsiab lus ntau dua 80%.
Titanium tsis muaj kev txhim kho corrosion hauv sulfuric acid, thaum titanium muaj cov dej tsis haum corrosion hauv hydrochloric acid. Nws feem ntau ntseeg tias muaj cov ntshiab si titanium tuaj yeem siv hauv hydrochloric acid nrog qhov siab ntawm 7.5% ntawm chav tsev kub, 3% ntawm 60 ° c thiab 0.5% ntawm 100 ° c. Titanium kuj tseem siv tau hauv phosphoric acid nrog kev siv 30% ntawm 35 ° c, 10% ntawm 60 ° c thiab 3% ntawm 100 ° c.
Titanium tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv xeb hauv HF (hydrofluoric acid), titanium tsis kam tiv thaiv corrosion hauv acidic fluoride ntsiab, titanium tiv taus corrosion hauv boric acid thiab chromic acid, thiab tuaj yeem siv hauv hydroiodic acid thiab hydrobromic acid.
Titanium tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm 10% sulfuric acid thiab 90% nitric acid ntawm 60 ℃, dej npau npau ntawm 1% hydrochloric acid thiab 5% nitric acid, thiab chav kub aqua (ceeb toom: aqua aqua yog sib xyaw ntawm 3 qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj muaj zog) hydrochloric acid thiab 1 ntim ntawm concentrated nitric acid).
Titanium tiv thaiv tsis tau xeb hauv chav sov hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide thiab potassium hydroxide, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem siv hauv cov dej qab ntsev sodium hydroxide thiab potassium hydroxide. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ammonia nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus nce qhov corrosion ntawm titanium.
Lub zui siab ua haujlwm kub ntawm titanium hauv cov kais dej, dej dej thiab huab cua yog 300 ℃. Titanium tuaj yeem siv rau hauv Marine dej nrog qhov siab zui txaus tus nqi nce txog 20m / s. Titanium muaj qhov ua tiav corrosion nyob rau hauv seawater nrog kub ≤120 ℃. Yog qhov kub siab tshaj 120 ℃, pitting corrosion thiab kis corrosion kuj yuav tshwm sim.
Titanium muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj tawm rau txhua cov organic acids tshwj tsis yog formic acid, oxalic acid thiab concentrated citric acid (concentration ≥50%), tab sis titanium yog qhov txaus ntshai rau pitting corrosion thaum cov dej ntsiab lus hauv organic acids tsawg dhau (<>
Titanium muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo hauv hydrocarbons thiab chlorinated hydrocarbons. Titanium tuaj yeem hnov mob nyob rau hauv qhuav lv roj los ua TiCl4 thiab muaj qhov pheej hmoo ntawm tsis quav ntsej, tab sis titanium muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo hauv cov dej ntub dej (cov ntsiab lus dej yog 0.3 ~ 1.5%).
Titanium nyob ruaj khov hauv 20 ~ 160 ℃ HCl qhuav, tab sis hydrochloric acid ua rau xeb hauv cov dej noo hydrogen chloride.
Cov pitting muaj peev xwm ntawm titanium hauv chloride tov yog siab tshaj qhov ntawm cov hlau loj, thiab cov pitting tsis kam ntawm titanium rau chloride ion zoo dua li ntawm cov hlau stainless, yog li cov titanium tau siv dav hauv cov tshuaj chloride.
Thaum lub ntsuas kub tsawg dua 80 ℃, titanium feem ntau yuav tsis tsim pitting corrosion, tab sis hauv qhov kub kub nruab nrab concentration ntawm chloride tov (xws li 25% aluminium chloride tov ntawm 100 ℃, 70% calcium chloride daws ntawm 175 ℃, 25% magnesium chloride daws ntawm 200 ℃ thiab 75% zinc chloride daws ntawm 200 ℃) yog qhov cuam tshuam ntau dua rau cov xeb xeb.
Kev ua haujlwm siab kub ua haujlwm siab kub qhov kev ua haujlwm kub tsuas yog hais txog qhov siab kub siab tshaj plaws siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv roj.
Kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias qis yog hais txog kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm lub ntsuas kub hauv thaj tsam 325 ~ 425 ℃.
Yog tias cov khoom nruab nrab yog dej thiab chav, WCB, WCC, A105, WC6 thiab WC9 yog siv. Yog tias cov nruab nrab yog cov roj uas muaj cov roj sulfur, mas siv nrog kev txhim kho corrosion rau sulfide C5, CF8, CF3, CF8M thiab CF3M. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov twj tso kua mis tas li lub siab thiab ncua cov pawg ua kom huv, qhov twg CF8, CF8M, CF3 thiab CF3M li qub tsis siv rau cov kua qaub ua kua xeb tsis kam, tab sis rau cov roj uas muaj cov khoom siv roj thiab cov raj xa dej. Hauv cov haujlwm no ua haujlwm, qhov txwv sab saud ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab kub ntawm zui rau CF8, CF8M, CF3 thiab CF3M yog 450 ℃.
Qib siab Ⅰ valve ua haujlwm kub yog 425 ~ 550 ℃ rau qhov kub kub thaum qib (qib (PI).
PI qib hauv lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv valve rau ASTM A351 tus qauv CF8 raws li cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm "kub siab Ⅰ qeb carbon chromium npib tsib xee titanium alloy hlau tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb". Raws li qib PI yog lub npe tshwj xeeb, lub tswv yim ntawm kev kub siab stainless hlau (P) muaj nyob ntawm no. Yog li ntawd, yog tias qhov nruab nrab ua haujlwm yog dej los yog lub zog, txawm hais tias kub kub steel WC6 (t≤540 ℃) lossis WC9 (t≤570 ℃) kuj tseem muaj, thaum kub kub C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo) kuj tseem muaj thaum muaj cov roj sulfur, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem raug hu ua PI qib ntawm no.
Kev ua haujlwm siab Ⅱ valve ua haujlwm kub yog 550 ~ 650 ℃, raws li lub siab kub Ⅱ theem (txuas mus ntxiv li P Ⅱ qib).
P Ⅱ qib siab kub lub valve yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov roj hnyav catalytic cracking chav ua haujlwm ntawm cov chaw lim dej, uas muaj peb lub tog raj tsis siv nyob rau hauv ob sab phlu ntawm qhov chaw xws li siab kub coj rooj vag li qub. P Ⅱ qib hauv lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv valve rau ASTM A351 tus qauv CF8 raws li cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm "qib siab kub Ⅱ carbon chromium npib tsib xee thiab lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, titanium hauv tantalum hom kub tiv thaiv steel".
Kev ua haujlwm siab Ⅲ valve ua haujlwm kub yog 650 ~ 730 ℃, raws li qhov ntsuas kub siab Ⅲ qib (txuas mus ntxiv rau qib P)).
P Ⅲ qib siab ntsuas qhov kub siab feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm cov roj qhov loj loj catalytic cracking nyob hauv qhov chaw lim. P qib Ⅲ high-temperature valve lub cev raws li ASTM A351 CF8M raws li cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv "qib kub txog qib Ⅲ carbon chromium nickel molybdenum nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, titanium tantalum ua kom zoo dua thaum tshav kub kub tiv hlau".
Kev ua haujlwm siab Ⅳ valve ua haujlwm kub yog 730 ~ 816 ℃, raws li qhov ntsuas kub siab Ⅳ qib (txuas ntxiv mus raws li P Ⅳ qib).
Yuav P qib Ⅳ valve ua haujlwm kub tsis pub tshaj ntawm 816 ℃ vim tias valve tsim qauv xaiv qauv ASME B16.34 siab - qhov kub tau muab nyob rau hauv zui siab kub ntawm 816 ℃ (1500 ℉). Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab ua haujlwm kub siab tshaj 816 ℃, cov hlau nyob ze rau qhov nkag mus rau thaj chaw ua haujlwm kub forging. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov hlau yog nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov yas deformation. Cov hlau muaj plasticity zoo, thiab nws yog qhov nyuaj rau dais siab ua hauj lwm siab thiab kev cuam tshuam kev quab yuam yam tsis muaj deformation. P Ⅳ qib hauv lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv valve rau ASTM A351 tus qauv CF8M raws li daim ntawv sau ua "kub kub qib Ⅳ carbon chromium nickel molybdenum nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, titanium tantalum txhim kho qhov kub tsis tuaj yeem tiv cov hlau". Ck-20 thiab ASTM A182 tus qauv F310 (C cov ntsiab lus ≥0.050%) thiab F310H tshav kub tsis xeb hlau tsis xeb.
Cov qib siab kub siab Ⅴ valve ua haujlwm kub> 816 ℃ siab dua, hu ua kub Ⅴ theem (qib no hu ua P Ⅴ qib).
P Ⅴ qib siab kub valve (rau kev txiav tawm lub valve, ntau dua li cov kev cai sab nraud npauj npauj npaim li qub) yuav tsum yog siv cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, xws li lub teeb meem rwb thaiv tsev lossis dej lossis cua txias, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem lav qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm valve. Yog li, theem ntawm P Ⅴ siab kub valve ua haujlwm kub tsis dhau tsis ua rau txoj cai, ua haujlwm kub ntawm qhov no vim tias tswj lub valve tsis yog tsuas yog ntawm cov khoom, tab sis nrog cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb los daws, thiab cov qauv kev tsim qauv yooj yim txoj kev yog tib yam. P Ⅴ qib siab kub siab ua haujlwm raws li lub siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab thiab cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab lwm yam, xaiv qhov tsim nyog, tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov khoom ntawm lub valve. Hauv P Ⅴ nplai kub qhov kub valve, feem ntau cov flue board teeb nyem lossis npauj npaim valve lossis npauj npaim phaj feem ntau xaiv HK - 30 A297 ASTM txuj, HK - 40 kub kub alloy, lawv muaj peev xwm qis dua 1150 ℃ oxidation thiab xeb hauv qhov txo qis roj av, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam thiab siab load.
