Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tso cai rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab cov khoom tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tswj kom zoo thiab tsis ua hauj lwm tsom xam rau li qub thiab piping systems. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau suav nrog kev kuaj hluav taws xob RT, kuaj ultrasonic UT, kuaj cov hlau nplaum sib nqus MT, ntsuas kua nkag mus rau PT, thiab eddy tam sim no kuaj ET. Txhua txoj kev muaj peev xwm tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev txwv, thiab kev xaiv nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov xav tau qhov chaw tsis raug, geometry, thiab cov kev pabcuam.
Kev kuaj hluav taws xob--RT
RT siv X-rays lossis gamma rays los nkag mus rau ib feem. Volumetric defects xws li porosity, slag inclusions, los yog shrinkage kab noj hniav nqus hluav taws xob txawv dua li cov khoom siv suab, ua qhov sib piv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab lossis cov cuab yeej digital. Qhov no muab cov duab mus tas li uas qhia qhov loj me, zoo li, thiab kev faib tawm.
RT tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov kev tsis zoo xws li cov kab nrib pleb tshwj tsis yog lawv tau taw qhia rau ntawm kab teeb. Nws qhov rhiab heev kuj txo nrog nce phab ntsa tuab, thiab kev ntsuas hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis.
Kev kuaj Ultrasonic--UT
UT xa cov suab nrov nrov rau hauv cov khoom. Reflections los ntawm sab hauv discontinuities los yog phab ntsa tom qab yog soj ntsuam los txiav txim qhov chaw qhov chaw, qhov loj, thiab tus cwj pwm.
UT muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob qho tib si volumetric thiab planar defects nrog rau cov kab nrib pleb, tsis muaj fusion, thiab laminations. Nws tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov ntu tuab heev thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob txaus ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig tsis yog qhov pom ncaj qha thiab xav tau kev txawj txhais lus. Ib qho kev sib txuas nruab nrab yog xav tau ntawm lub transducer thiab qhov chaw, uas txwv kev siv ntawm cov ntxhib los yog cov geometries complex.
Sib Nqus Particle Testing--MT
MT tsuas yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic xws li carbon steel thiab cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau. Ib feem yog magnetized, thiab nto los yog ze ntawm qhov chaw flaws tsim cov xau uas nyiam cov khoom sib nqus, tsim cov cim pom.
MT yog qhov yooj yim, ceev, thiab tus nqi zoo rau kev kuaj xyuas qhov tawg tawg, seams, lossis laps hauv ob peb millimeters ntawm qhov chaw. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib nqus xws li austenitic stainless hlau, aluminium, lossis tooj liab, thiab nws tsis pom qhov tsis zoo ntawm sab hauv. Demagnetization yuav tsum tau tom qab kuaj.
Kua Penetrant Testing--PT
PT cia siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm capillary. Cov kua xim muaj xim lossis fluorescent yog siv rau saum npoo thiab kos rau hauv qhov chaw qhib qhov tsis xws luag. Tom qab tshem tawm qhov tob tob, tus tsim tawm coj cov kua nplaum rov qab rau saum npoo kom pom qhov tsis zoo.
PT ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom tsis ntxeem tau thiab feem ntau yog siv rau cov kab nrib pleb, porosity, los yog leaks. Nws yog portable thiab kev lag luam tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom qhov chaw subsurface lossis kaw qhov tsis xws luag. Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si, thiab txoj kev tsis haum rau cov khoom ntxeem tau.
Eddy Current Testing--ET
ET siv cov coil hloov pauv tam sim no tso ze ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ua kom cov dej ntws tawm. Flaws cuam tshuam cov dej ntws no thiab hloov cov coil impedance, uas yog ntsuas los txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag.
ET yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev soj ntsuam sai, tsis sib cuag ntawm qhov chaw thiab nyob ze ntawm qhov tsis zoo. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas cov conductivity, txheeb cov khoom, thiab ntsuas qhov tuab, txawm tias qhov kub siab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nkag mus tob yog txwv rau ob peb millimeters, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev kho cua sov.
Kev Taw Qhia Kev Xaiv Tswv Yim
Siv RT thaum yuav tsum muaj daim duab tas mus li ntawm qhov tsis xws luag sab hauv thiab kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau.
Xaiv UT rau kev soj ntsuam qhov sib sib zog nqus los yog tshawb xyuas cov teeb meem ntawm cov phiaj xwm xws li tawg thiab tsis muaj fusion.
Thov MT kom ceev nrooj ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov chaw ze ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv ferromagnetic valve lub cev lossis forgings.
Xaiv PT rau qhov chaw tawg qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov khoom tsis ntxeem tau qhov yooj yim thiab portability teeb meem.
Xav txog ET rau kev kub ceev automated soj ntsuam ntawm cov hlab los yog qhov chaw uas kev sib cuag yog impractical.
Txoj kev tsim nyog tshaj plaws lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum yog raws li cov cai siv, kev pabcuam, hom khoom, thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tau ntawv pov thawj yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
